I was reading "Alice In Wonderland" to my daughter last night and came across these lines.
The White Queen: Can you do addition? What’s one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one?
Alice: I don’t know. I lost count.
This put me in mind of the week's profit news from the major American banks--$3 billion in first quarter profit at Wells Fargo, $1.8 billion at Goldman, $2.1 billion at JPMorgan Chase, $4.25 billion at Bank of America. Looks good, till you really start adding. Let’s start with the most glaring problems: even as Bank of America was chalking up its profits, it was also warning that it faced growing credit losses, due to a decline in credit quality across all of its businesses (the Bank’s provisions for credit losses rose to $13.4 billion in the first quarter from $8.5 billion in the last quarter of 2008). "Make no doubt about it," said BOA chairman Kenneth Lewis, "Credit is bad, and it will eventually get worse before it stabilizes and improves."
At least he's up front about it. Goldman Sachs’ chairman Lloyd Blankfein certainly went to no great lengths to illuminate his firm's accounting sleights of hand, which I’ve already written about. Plenty of smart people believe that the improved profits of not just Goldman, but most of the big banks in question are in large part down to relaxed accounting rules. Early in April, after much lobbying by banks, who claimed that it was unfair to have to write down troubled assets when the market for them was so illiquid (uh, isn’t the fact that nobody wants to buy this stuff the point?), the Financial Accounting Standards Board alternated stringent mark-to-market rules, allowing banks to write some of those assets back up. Bottom line: there’s less clarity than ever about what the remaining junk on bank balance sheets is truly worth.
As you might imagine, Ken Lewis isn’t the only one expecting more write-downs. The IMF now expects that total losses in the global financial sector will reach $4.1 trillion dollars (with $2.7 trillion of that coming from the U.S.). Banks are expected to carry two thirds of those losses, with insurance companies, pension funds, hedge funds and others taking the rest.
Another recent report by McKinsey takes a similarly bleak view, noting that U.S. banks still hold over $2 trillion in toxic assets. Perhaps the most disturbing thing noted by the McKinsey authors is that most of the write-downs that have been taken by banks to date have been on assets that are clearly marked to market. McKinsey notes, however, that about 60 percent of the credit on the balance sheets of U.S. banks isn’t marked to market, but to those ever-nebulous financial models that got us into all the trouble to begin with. That murky portion of bank’s balance sheets is where most of the future losses are likely to occur.
If only, as the Duchess in Alice said, banks would "be what they seem to be." (Btw, for more on this topic, check out my Global Investor column in the coming edition of Newsweek International).